Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon clonal proliferation of myeloid
progenitor cells, it is especially rare in adults. We present a case of multi-system
LCH in a 53-year-old woman, the sole symptom of which was prolonged, non-resolving
hip pain for 18 months prior to the diagnosis. Initial evaluation included imaging
studies aimed at identifying a presumed local etiology. X-ray demonstrated non-specific
arthritic changes on the left femur. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) scans identified a lytic lesion at the same location, warranting a systemic
workup. After non-invasive investigations failed to reveal the underlying etiology,
a biopsy was performed, revealing cores of Langerhans cells that stained positive
for both CD1a and langerin. These findings verified the surprising, uncommon diagnosis
of LCH. A comprehensive workup was conducted in order to determine the extent of the
disease and its molecular nature – revealing a BRAFV600E-positive, high-risk, multi-system LCH with skeletal, lung and liver involvement.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 23, 2022
Accepted:
April 14,
2022
Received:
June 19,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
