Abstract
Background
Periodontal disease (PD) has been linked to a range of cardiometabolic disorders.
However, the association between PD and composite cardiovascular risk has not been
studied. We hypothesized that PD would be associated with an elevated atherosclerotic
cardiovascular risk (ASCVD) score.
Methods
This analysis included 12,402 participants (age 42.7 ± 18.6 years, 46.8% male, 69.6%
Caucasian) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants
with a history of myocardial infarction or stroke were excluded. PD was defined as
moderate (≥4mm attachment loss or ≥5 mm pocket depth in ≥2 mesial sites) or severe
(≥6 mm attachment loss in ≥2 mesial sites and ≥5 mm pocket depth in ≥1 mesial site).
ASCVD scores were classified categorically: low (<5.0%), borderline (5.0-7.4%), intermediate
(7.5-19.9%), and high (≥20.0%). Linear and multinomial logistic regression were used
to examine the association between PD and ASCVD score.
Results
Approximately 12.1% (n = 1499) of participants had PD. Moderate periodontitis was associated with a greater
than five-fold increased odds of high-risk ASCVD score [OR (95% CI): 5.40 (4.63-6.31),
p-value <0.001]. Severe periodontitis was associated with a greater than seven-fold
increased odds of high-risk ASCVD score [OR (95% CI): 7.15 (5.14-9.96), p-value <0.001]. Composite periodontitis (moderate or severe) was associated with a
7.0% increase in ASCVD score [β (95% CI): 7.01 (6.53-7.50)] when modeled linearly.
Conclusions
PD is associated with elevated ASCVD score. Patients with PD should be counseled regarding
their elevated cardiovascular risk and risk reduction strategies should be implemented
with an emphasis on routine dental care.
Key Indexing Terms
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 08, 2022
Accepted:
April 4,
2022
Received:
August 3,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
