Abstract
The expression of various isoforms of aquaporins (AQPs) in different tissues and organs
of the body makes it a viable candidate for being responsible for maintaining cell
stability and integrity as their involvement has been well documented in a number
of pathophysiological conditions of the human body. Any alteration in the cellular
environment brought about by these AQPs creates severe downstream effects like changes
in cellular osmolality, volume, ionic composition, signaling pathways and even in
the levels of intracellular second messengers and, as such, facilitates the occurrence
of diseases like cancer. The altered equilibrium of water, extracellular ions and
amino acid neurotransmitters caused by neuronal destruction and oxidative stress in
neurodegenerative diseases proposed the role of these AQPs in these diseased conditions
as well. The association of AQPs in a variety of inflammatory processes like lung
injury, brain edema, neuromyelitis optica, and colitis as manifested through their
dysregulation both in animal and human diseases is truly an eye opener for their role
in protection and reaction to various noxious stimuli including bacterial infection.
Renal diseases like nephrogenic diabetes inspidus, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney
disease and acute kidney injury are some of the pathophysiological conditions related
to malfunctioning of aquaporins. Besides, the malfunctioning of aquaglyceroporins
like AQP7 and AQP9 makes them responsible for disorders like obesity, nonalcoholic
fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this review article, we
present our current understanding of the role of AQPs in the causation of these metabolic
disorders and how targeting them holds promising therapeutic potential for most of
these diseases like cancer, renal diseases and even cardiovascular disorders.
Key Indexing Terms
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 19, 2022
Accepted:
October 21,
2021
Received:
September 27,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
