Abstract
Background
Primary headaches include migraines, tension-type headaches and other primary headache
syndromes. Migraines and tension-type headaches are associated with patient discomfort
and other diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between primary
headaches and the risk of developing dementia, and to clarify the association between
different types of headaches and dementia.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a nationwide matched cohort population-based study. A total of 3,620
patients with newly diagnosed primary headaches, including migraines and tension-type
headaches, between January 1 and December 31, 2000 were selected from the National
Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, along with 10,860 controls matched for
sex and age. After adjusting for confounding factors, Fine and Gray׳s competing risk
analysis was used to compare the risk of developing dementia during 10 years of follow-up.
Results
Of the study subjects, 170 (4.70 %) developed dementia compared with 433 (3.99%) of
the controls. Fine and Gray׳s competing risk analysis revealed that the study subjects
were more likely to develop dementia (hazard ratio = 2.057; 95% CI: 1.718-2.462; P < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic
region of residence and comorbidities, the hazard ratio for dementia was 2.048 (95%
CI: 1.705-2.461, P < 0.001). Migraines and tension-type headaches were associated with nonvascular dementia
but not vascular dementia.
Conclusions
The patients with headaches had a 105% increased risk of dementia. Further studies
are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Key Indexing Terms
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: January 20, 2017
Accepted:
December 15,
2016
Received:
September 14,
2016
Footnotes
☆This study was funded by Tri-Service General Hospital Research Foundation ( TSGH-C105-003 , TSGH-C105-130 and TSGH-C106-002 ).
☆☆The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by All rights reserved.
